தேவைப்படுவோர்க்குத் தேவையானவற்றைக் கொடுப்பது, எதிர் கட்சியினரிடமும் இனிதாய்ப்போசுவது, நீதி விளங்கும் ஆட்சி செய்வது, மக்களைப் பாதுகாப்பது இவை நான்கையும் உடையதே அரசுகளுக்கு விளக்குப் போன்றது.

நலவாழ்வுக்கு வேண்டியவற்றை வழங்கியும், நிலையுணர்ந்து கருணை காட்டியும், நடுநிலை தவறாமல் ஆட்சி நடத்தியும், மக்களைப் பேணிக் காப்பதே ஓர் அரசுக்குப் புகழொளி சேர்ப்பதாகும்

கொடை, அருள், செங்கோல்முறை, தளர்ந்த குடிமக்களைக்காத்தல் ஆகிய நான்கும் உடைய அரசன், அரசர்க்கெல்லாம் விளக்குப் போன்றவன்.

He is the light of kings who has there four things, beneficence, benevolence, rectitude, and care for his people

Kural 390 speaks about the four essential qualities of a true king or leader. These are beneficence, benevolence, rectitude, and care for his people. Beneficence refers to the act of providing what is needed for the welfare of the people. A good leader is generous and willing to give to ensure the well-being of his subjects. This is not just about material gifts, but also about providing opportunities, guidance, and support to help the people grow and prosper. Benevolence is about kindness and compassion. A true leader has empathy for his people, understands their problems and needs, and takes actions that are in their best interest. He treats everyone with kindness and does not let his personal feelings or biases influence his decisions. Rectitude is about fairness and justice. A good ruler maintains a just and balanced administration. He treats everyone equally, regardless of their social status or personal background. He ensures that justice is served and that everyone's rights are protected. Lastly, a good leader genuinely cares for his people. He values their well-being above everything else, and works tirelessly to protect them from harm. He listens to their concerns, understands their needs, and takes appropriate actions to address them. A leader who embodies these four qualities is considered the "light of kings", as he guides his people towards prosperity and happiness. His leadership shines brightly, setting an example for others to follow. He earns the respect and love of his people, and leaves a lasting legacy of good governance.